; but the number of Liṅgas in India is estimated at 30 millions, [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 322 n.; Religious Thought and Life in India 78, 1; 90]), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc. Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—Gender which is accepted by the Grammarians as one of the five meanings of a nominal stem. —, 4) Geschlechtszeichen, Geschlechtsglied [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 3, 26. [35][47] This mythology weaves two polarities, one where the lingam represents the potentially procreative phallus (fertile lingam) and its opposite "a pillar-like renouncer of sexuality" (ascetic lingam), states Doniger. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc. Study … The liṅgas described in the Saurapurāṇa are discussed in chapter VI of this work under tīrthas. [101], Shivling, 6,543 metres (21,467 ft), is a mountain in Uttarakhand (the Garhwal region of Himalayas). [65], In the Dṛg-Dṛśya-Viveka (Seer & Seen), an Advaita text attributed to Adi Shankara and others and translated by Swami Nikhilananda, the Subtle body is referred to as "lingam, because it enables the Jiva or the embodied being to realise Brahman." Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—[neuter] mark, sign, emblem, badge, characteristic, attribute, sectarian mark; proof, means of proof, evidence ([jurisprudence]); organ of generation, [especially] the male organ of Śiva ([ritual or religion]); idol i. The lingam (, also linga, ling, Shiva linga, Shiv ling, meaning sign, symbol or phallus) is an abstract or aniconic representation of the Hindu deity, Shiva, used for worship in temples, smaller shrines, or as self-manifested natural objects.In traditional Indian society, the linga is rather seen as a symbol of the energy and potential of God, Shiva himself. 79,b, No. To the other group, it is an abstract symbol of nirguna Shiva (he in the universal Absolute Reality, formless, without attributes). IV, 7 (two: hīna & ukkaṭṭha); J. I, 18; IV, 114 (gihi°), 130; Miln. (pulliṅga Masculine, strīliṅga Feminine, napuṃsakaliṅga Neuter.) ṛtuliṅgāni [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 1, 30.] [95] The term Lingayat is based on the practice of both genders of Lingayats wearing an iṣṭaliṅga (also called karasthala-linga) contained inside a box with a necklace all the time. See more. It was all effulgence. There is a hymn in the Atharvaveda that praises a pillar (Sanskrit: stambha), and this is one possible origin of linga worship. Liṅgas are almost always set up in pedestals known as the piṇḍikā or pīṭha. LINGA ASHTAKAM-SANSKRIT DEVOTIONAL. noun (in Sanskrit grammar) the masculine gender the Hindu phallic image of the god Siva the penis n. “phallic emblem under which Siva is worshipped,” 1719, from Sanskrit linga (nominative lingam) “mark, token, sign, emblem,” of unknown origin. Another postage stamp sized item found and called the Pashupati seal, states Doniger, has an image with a general resemblance with Shiva and "the Indus people may well have created the symbolism of the divine phallus", but given the available evidence we cannot be certain, nor do we know that it had the same meaning as some currently project them to might have meant. f. ā [Yāska’s Nirukta 2, 8.] 8. [C18: from Sanskrit] Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014. In ceremonial usage, making a sign of the cross may be, according to the context, an act of profession of faith, a prayer, a dedication, or a benediction.". [63] For example, the 11th-century Kashmir text Narmamala by Kshemendra on satire and fiction writing explains his ideas on parallelism with divine lingam and human lingam in a sexual context. 156.] “Linga” is the Sanskrit word for symbol, or sign. 1225.] [93] This tradition originated in Karnataka around the 12th-century. Here, the term liṅga has been used to denote the anumāpaka of pradhāna. 3) [v.s. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Sanskrit Past Participles Nishtha: Dhatupatha with kta & ktavatu forms of all Roots. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions. it is claimed as among the largest known sphatika self formed (Swayambhu) lingams. = tal-liṅga, ‘having anything for a mark or sign’), [Upaniṣad; Mahābhārata] etc. [Bhagavadgītā 14, 21.] 63,b,30. etwas Entstandenes und daher wieder zu Nichte werdendes. All unsourced content is licensed under a Creative Commons NonCommercial ShareAlike 1.0 license. Left: a 5th-century Mukha-linga (with face), Right: a Sahasra-linga (with 1001 carvings). 9, 2, 4. The Bhita linga – now at the Lucknow museum – is also dated to about the 2nd century BCE, and has four directional faces on the pillar and a Brahmi script inscription at the bottom. Most of the sentences made sense to me. 5, 1, 7. pravṛddha [Suśruta 2, 396, 3.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 39, 30.] (in Sanskrit grammar) the masculine gender. Machhli Thanks. Oxforder Handschriften.8,a. 26 A Practical Sanskrit Introductory 3.B.2 Introduction to Nouns A noun, like the verb, has its ultimate origin in a dhtu root; a xes to the dhtu a a form the noun-stem prtipadika which will have a particular grammatical gender a linga: masculine pum-linga, feminine str-linga, and neuter napumsaka_ _ . 2 Gender. Liṅga (लिङ्ग):—(wohl von lag wie lakṣa, lakṣman, lakṣmī) n. am Ende eines adj. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE. [99][100] Hindu scripture rates crystal as the highest form of Siva lingam. [1], The colonial era archaeologists John Marshall and Ernest Mackay proposed that certain artifacts found at Harappan sites may be evidence of yoni-linga worship in Indus Valley Civilization. 122, 7. Sahasranama Stotras (1000-Name Stotras) Link Description Language Verses; PDF: Vishnu Sahasranam : S: 124: PDF: Lalita Sahasranam : S: 185: PDF: Shiva Sahasranam (from the Linga Purana) 1.api api is usually used to ask yes-no questions. III, 35 (purisa°); J. V, 197 (°saṇṭhāna); KhA 110 (itthi°); SnA 48 (°sampatti), 51 (id. 4, 26.] Many books written by Hindus also state that the Shiv Linga is Shiva’s Phallus. liṅgādhyakṣa [1191.] 11. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, "the cross is thus a sign both of Christ himself and of the faith of Christians. For other uses, see. [63] To some Shaivites, it symbolizes the axis of the universe. ŚR. MUIR, Stenzler.4,325. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of India history from relevant books on Exotic India. In early Sanskrit medical texts, linga means "symptom, signs" and plays a key role in the diagnosis of a sickness, the disease. [grammar]; gender ([grammar]), the subtile frame or body (ph.). — Vgl. [citation needed], Lesser known Bhooteshwarnath Mahadeva in Gariaband district of Chhattisgarh is a rock Shivlinga and said to be the Largest Natural Shivlinga in the world.,[102] whose height is increasing with each passing year. The technique of the making of a Linga is furnished in detail. Lingam, (Sanskrit: “sign” or “distinguishing symbol”) also spelled linga, in Hinduism, a votary object that symbolizes the god Shiva and is revered as an emblem of generative power. The following chapters (349-359) deal with the rules of Sanskrit grammar, which is an abstract of the Chandra Vyakarana. The Sanskrit terms Viśeṣa and viśeṣā can be transliterated into English as Visesa or Vishesha or visesa or vishesha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (? Rise of different types (male, female and neutral) of sex (veda) tendencies of physique making karmas results in the respective sexes. [63][64] However, the Sanskrit literature corpus is not consistent. A lingam (Sanskrit: लिङ्ग IAST: liṅga, lit. 7 (fig. 1) Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—Sign or characteristic mark; generally the mute letter prefixed or suffixed to roots, affixes, or augments and their substitutes with a specific purpose; cf. This phrase connotes "[we have found an] indicative sign", such as the "indicative sign is in a Vedic passage". [7][8] The term also appears in early Indian texts on logic, where an inference is based on a sign (linga), such as "if there is smoke, there is fire" where the linga is the smoke. 18.] rājaliṅgāni [Mahābhārata 1, 2878.] devaliṅgāni [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 63, 21.] Liṅga (symbol of Śiva) refers to one of the several “attributes” (āyudha) or “accessories” of a detiy commonly seen depicted in Hindu iconography, defined according to texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The śilpa texts have classified the various accessories under the broad heading of āyudha or karuvi (implement), including even flowers, animals, and musical instruments. [52][53][54] The author of classical Sanskrit grammar treatise, Panini, states that the verbal root ling which means "paint, variegate", has the sense "that which paints, variegates, characterizes". Chapters 369-370 consist the discussions on human anatomy. For […] sahasraliṅgī f. tausend Liṅga [Rājataraṅgiṇī 2, 129.] Nature or Prakriti, according to the Sank'hya philosophy, which considers this as the active power in cretion. Share it with your friends! Did you know the word "sandwich" is named for a person? Since God is beyond name and form and since we can’t conceive of an abstract principle like Him, without the aid of concrete symbols, a rounder surface is perhaps the nearest approach to him. It was studied and codified by Sanskrit grammarians from the later Vedic period (roughly 8th century BCE), culminating in the Pāṇinian grammar of the 6th century BCE. fg. 12) One of the relations or indications (such as saṃyoga, viyoga, sāhacarya &c.) which serve to fix the meaning of a word in any particular passage; e. g. in कुपितो मकरध्वजः (kupito makaradhvajaḥ) the word कुपित (kupita) restricts the meaning of मकरध्वज (makaradhvaja) to 'Kāma'; see K. P.2 and commentary ad loc. of 1st Sig.) 42,a,11. on P. II. ; तदेव सक्तः सह कर्मणैति लिङ्गं मनो यत्र निषक्तमस्य (tadeva saktaḥ saha karmaṇaiti liṅgaṃ mano yatra niṣaktamasya) Bṛ. Say for example dhatu gammean… Liṅga (लिङ्ग):—(ṅgaṃ) 1. n. A mark, a sign; the penis; the phallus; gender; inference or its premises; nature. [62], There is persuasive evidence in later Sanskrit literature, according to Doniger, that the early Indians associated the lingam icon with the male sexual organ. (in grammar) mark of sex, (characteristic) ending, gender SnA 397. This view is shared by K.R. 40.] (p. 17)[66], The term linga also appears in Buddhist and Jaina literature, where it means "sign, evidence" in one context, or "subtle body" with sexual connotations in another. 192,a,40.b, No. Sanskrit Dictionaries; Sanskrit Grammar. 11. This is true for most Indian languages as they are heavily influenced by Sanskrit grammar. fgg. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of Purana from relevant books on Exotic India. The last grammar of Sanskrit language is in the "Siddha-hemchandra-shabdaanushaasan" of Aacharya Hemchandracharya. [9][10][11] In the Shaiva traditions, the lingam is regarded as a form of spiritual iconography. There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language. 20. Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin. It has also been used by Jaina and Buddhist scholars, the latter primarily Mahāyāna Buddhists. 11) = vyaktaṃ sāṃkhyoditam [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 69.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Mahābhārata 10, 780. nach [46, 17.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 59, 81. किंचिल्लिङ्गमासज्य वक्ष्यामि (kiṃcilliṅgamāsajya vakṣyāmi) M. Bh.on I.1.1 Vārt.7, अवयवे कृतं लिङ्ग समुदायस्य विशेषकं भवति (avayave kṛtaṃ liṅga samudāyasya viśeṣakaṃ bhavati) M. Bh. on P.I.3.62 Vārt. And grammar is almost everything in sanskrit. [74] This conscious and incorrect word substitution, states Doniger, thus served as an Orientalist means to "anthropologize sex, distance it, make it safe for English readers by assuring them, or pretending to assure them, that the text was not about real sexual organs, their sexual organs, but merely about the appendages of weird, dark people far away. 3, 2927.] 321 sq. Works I,223. State caused due to the rise of quasi passion known as veda or sex. Uploaded by Leon on 20.01.2021 at 14:44 . [63] To one group, it is a part of Shiva's body and symbolically saguna Shiva (he in a physical form with attributes). —. [72], According to Wendy Doniger, the terms lingam and yoni became explicitly associated with human sexual organs in the western imagination after the widely popular first Kamasutra translation by Sir Richard Burton in 1883. so v.a. Rājataraṅgiṇī.1,194.2,130.3,439. ...] (in logic) = vyāpya, the invariable mark which proves the existence of anything in an object (as in the proposition ‘there is fire because there is smoke’, smoke is the liṅga; cf. Śek.Pari.71. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of Shilpashastra from relevant books on Exotic India. 1) A mark, sign, token, an emblem, a badge, symbol, distinguishing mark, characteristic; यतिपार्थिवलिङ्गधारिणौ (yatipārthivaliṅgadhāriṇau) R.8.16; अथवा प्रावृषेण्यैरेव लिङ्गै- र्मम राजोपचारः संप्रति (athavā prāvṛṣeṇyaireva liṅgai- rmama rājopacāraḥ saṃprati) V.4; मुनिर्दोहदलिङ्गदर्शी (munirdohadaliṅgadarśī) 14.71; Ms.1. 2) A false or unreal mark, a guise, disguise, a deceptive badge; लिङ्गैर्मुदः संवृतविक्रियास्ते (liṅgairmudaḥ saṃvṛtavikriyāste) R.7. Chapters 360-367 are basically a lexicon on the pattern of the Amarakosha. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of Vaishnavism from relevant books on Exotic India, 1c) Origin of; came out of a ball of ever-burning fire and grew and grew; Viṣṇu and Brahmā undertook to find out its beginning and the end. How many types of sexes are there? : liṅgaṃ svakāraṇe layaṃ gacchatīti, [137.] wisdomlib - the greatest source of ancient and modern knowledge; Like what you read? (in popular Hinduism) a phallus, symbol of Siva. [17] The lingam is typically set in the center of a pindika (also called yoni or pithas, symbolizing Shakti). aber viṣṇuliṅgī (s. d.). 3063. पञ्चकोष (pañcakoṣa); यं योगिनो योग- समाधिना रहो ध्यायन्ति लिङ्गादसुतो ममुक्षया (yaṃ yogino yoga- samādhinā raho dhyāyanti liṅgādasuto mamukṣayā) Bhāg.3.19.28. 3. [39][40][41] Above the four faces, the Bhita linga has the bust of a male with his left hand holding a vase and the right hand in the abhaya (no-fear) mudra. Brahman and Viṣṇu should be made standing, their hands should be joined into a cup(añjalihasta), on the right and left of the Liṅga” (śloka 207-211). Liṅgas are broadly divided into two classes, namely: To the latter belong class belong the large and heavy stone Liṅgas which are permanently set up in the central shrines of Śiva temples. [35][37] He stands on top of a rakshasha (demon) dwarf. So, the term liṅga is used here in the sense of anumāpaka or hetu (mark). Lexicographers, esp. so v. a. Andeutung: śrutiliṅgavākyādi [SARVADARŚANAS. With reference to the psychic signs, all the five types of ascetics (pulāka, bakuśa, kuśīla, nirgrantha, snātaka) are bhāva-liṅga (have psychic signs as they are all with right faith and practice self-control). Inflection. 6. 1. Lingam, (Sanskrit: “sign” or “distinguishing symbol”) also spelled linga, in Hinduism, a votary object that symbolizes the god Shiva and is revered as an emblem of generative power. The gender of a word in Sanskrit language does not depend on any specific properties of a thing; it simply depends on the current usage; cf. 2) Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—The subtle body: mind, intelligence and false ego. [Aśvalāyana’s Śrautasūtrāni 1, 5, 33. Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. —, 4) Geschlechtszeichen , Geschlechtsglied. See more. liṅgāntare vartamānāḥ (dasyavaḥ) [12, 2439] und liṅgavṛtti . 1) Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—Phallic symbol which is used in the worship of Lord Śiva. The lingam appears in Shaivite temples and in private shrines throughout India. b. the penis. Burton used the terms lingam and yoni instead throughout the translation. (ˈlɪŋɡəm ) or linga (ˈlɪŋɡə ) noun. Liṅga (लिङ्ग).—In Mānasāra chapter LII, liṅgavidhānam, “Composition of Liṅga”, the options of deriving height of liṅga, the semi-iconic image of Śiva (usually the principal pratiṣṭhā, “consecrated image”, in a Saiva temple) number seven. vedaliṅgāt weil es aus dem Veda folgt [?4, 2, 11. viparyaya [WEBER, Rāmatāpanīya Upaniṣad 336.] How the vyaktas are used as liṅga for the inference of pradhāna is narrated in Sāṃkhyakārikā 15. 12. Enrich your vocabulary with the English Definition dictionary. MĀN. [57] Like the Upanishads, where linga means "mark, sign, characteristic", the texts of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy use linga in the same sense. A spot. Vishesha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi. The order of the religious student. Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Or: About | Contact | Preferences | Using the Site. Though to infer puruṣa, prakṛti (pradhāna) is used as a liṅga, still prakṛti is not a liṅga for the inference of itself. 782. A linga or a lingam is a very complex symbol of Hinduism.It is associated with Shiva, supreme god in main gods of the Hindus.The Hindu scriptures say that a linga represents energy and strength. liṅgadarśane jāyamānaṃ jñānam [48.] The mountain resembles a Shiva lingam when viewed from certain angles, especially when travelling or trekking from Gangotri to Gomukh as part of a traditional Hindu pilgrimage. [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 16, 4.] Upakośā.6,9.] Lexicographers, esp. [17] The Hindu temple design manuals recommend geometric ratios for the linga, the sanctum and the various architectural features of the temple according to certain mathematical rules it considers perfect and sacred. 1, 29. fg. fg.] ', Sri Ramakrishna Asrama. 10. [31] Worship of the lingam was not a part of the Vedic religion. 184; DhsA. [86] Anthropologist Christopher John Fuller states that although most sculpted images (murtis) are anthropomorphic or theriomorphic, the aniconic Shiva Linga is an important exception. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of Nirukta from relevant books on Exotic India. —, 6) das göttlich verehrte Geschlechtsglied Śiva’s (Rudra's), Śiva in der Form eines Phallus [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 69.] ...] the sign of gender or sex, organ of generation, [Manu-smṛti; Harivaṃśa; Purāṇa] etc. Discover the meaning of linga in the context of Shaivism from relevant books on Exotic India. [Oxforder Handschriften 184,b,6. लिङ्ग स्त्रीलिङ्गपुंलिङ्गनपुंसकानि (liṅga strīliṅgapuṃliṅganapuṃsakāni) Kāś. fg. "[74] Similar Orientalist literature of the Christian missionaries and the British era, states Doniger, stripped all spiritual meanings and insisted on the Victorian vulgar interpretation only, which had "a negative effect on the self-perception that Hindus had of their own bodies" and they became "ashamed of the more sensual aspects of their own religious literature". a ebend. 64 (=saṇṭhāna Tīkā: Expos. [15] The colonial disparagement in part triggered the opposite reaction from Bengali nationalists, who more explicitly valorised the feminine. 4 An affix to the names of worshipers of the lingam; as dādaliṅga, sadaliṅga. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article. [49][24][34] According to the Linga Purana, the lingam is a complete symbolic representation of the formless Universe Bearer – the oval-shaped stone is the symbol of the Universe, and the bottom base represents the Supreme Power that holds the entire Universe in it. [Medinīkoṣa g. ...] the order of the religious student, [Horace H. Wilson], 20) [v.s. Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 46,8. 73, 6.] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 2, 3, 46. (Page 584). 127, 16.] According to Rohit Dasgupta, the lingam symbolizes Shiva in Hinduism, and it is also a phallic symbol. [40][note 3] The pillar itself is, once again, a realistic depiction of human phallus. [Oxforder Handschriften 65,a,40. tenaiva nāmnā taṃ deśaṃ vācyamāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ .. [Mahābhārata 1, 281. = anumāna [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [KAṆ. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article. dohadaliṅgadarśin [14, 71.] in Chr. Nirukta (निरुक्त) or “etymology” refers to the linguistic analysis of the Sanskrit language. KĀM. [15][16], The lingam of the Shaivism tradition is a short cylindrical pillar-like symbol of Shiva, made of stone, metal, gem, wood, clay or disposable material. 7. [1], According to Wendy Doniger, for many Hindus, the lingam is not a "male sexual organ" but of a spiritual icon and their faith, just like for the Christians the cross is not an "instrument of execution" but a symbol of Christ and the Christian faith. ...] anything having an origin and therefore liable to be destroyed again, [Kapila], 14) [v.s. Replies. mātra = buddhi [Yogasūtra 2, 19.] At the end of time the entire universe and all the Gods finally merge in the Linga itself. Similarly, in Sanskrit, gender is known as “linga”, and like English, Sanskrit has also three lingas; “pumlinga” (masculine), “strilinga” (feminine), and “napumsaklinga” (neuter). talliṅga Adj. According to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā however, they are explained as particular syllables. linga. Liṅga (लिङ्ग) (in shape) is like the part of a short round coloumn rounded at the top and fixed in a raised round base of a paticular shape, that is open on the northern side. The order of the religious student. See more ideas about sanskrit mantra, sanskrit quotes, vedic mantras. 4. A famous verse in Sage Panini’s Ashtadhyayi says that the Panini grammar that is in use now is graced by Lord Shiva. Linga means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi. [89][90], Lingayats, a sect of the Shaivite religious tradition in India, wear a miniaturized linga called the istalinga. In future this crystal lingam will be housed in the Iraivan Temple. talliṅgānām [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 22, 3, 19.] [75], The traditional lingam rituals in major Shiva temples includes offerings of flowers, grass, dried rice, fruits, leaves, water and a milk bath. u.] 45,a,27. [C18: from Sanskrit] Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014.